In radiation therapy, highly sensitive and accurate imaging methods are needed for correctly defining the irradiation target and accurately evaluating the efficacy and side effects of treatments. The aim of this project is to visualize and characterize the effects of novel spatially-fractionated radiotherapies using a label-free, three-dimensional (3D), full organ coverage, ex-vivo X-ray phase contrast imaging-based approach for virtual 3D histology. The effects of the new treatments are evaluated on small animal models of glioblastoma brain tumour and on lungs and a quantitative and multi-technique approach is established allowing detailed structural and chemical representation of the treatments’ impact on irradiated tissues.